@article {361, title = {Plant colonization after managed realignment: the relative importance of diaspore dispersal}, journal = {Journal of Applied EcologyJournal of Applied Ecology}, volume = {42}, number = {4}, year = {2005}, pages = {770-777}, abstract = {1. Deliberate breaching of sea defences is frequently practised with the aim of restoring salt-marsh vegetation on previously embanked land. However, experience so far has shown that it may take several years before salt-marsh vegetation is fully established, and it is possible that limited diaspore dispersal plays a role in this. In order to ascertain whether salt-marsh development may be constrained by limited diaspore dispersal, we studied the dispersal of salt-marsh species by tidal water.2. From October 2001 to the end of March 2002 a total of 38 species, of which 18 were salt-marsh species, was trapped in a restoration site and adjacent marsh. Aster tripolium, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Salicornia spp., Spergularia media and Suaeda maritima were the most abundant salt-marsh species, with more than 3 diaspores m2 trapped during the study period.3. For most species, the number of diaspores trapped was representative of their abundance in nearby vegetation. Hence, despite the potential for long-distance transport by tidal water, our results indicate a predominantly local dispersal of salt-marsh species.4. Synthesis and applications. For the restoration of salt-marsh vegetation after de-embankment, relatively rapid colonization may be expected from pioneer and low-marsh species, provided they are present in a nearby source area and the restoration site is at the appropriate altitude. The establishment of species absent from the adjacent marsh may be dependent on the presence of birds or humans as the main dispersal agents. Breaching of sea defences should preferably take place before or during September, in order to take advantage of the peak in dispersal of salt-marsh species in the first year after breaching.}, keywords = {de-embankment, hydrochory, salt-marsh restoration, seed trapping}, author = {Wolters, Mineke and Garbutt, Angus and Bakker, Jan P.} } @article {300, title = {Evolutionary transitions among flowers of perianthless Piperales: inferences from inflorescence and flower development in the anomalous species Peperomia fraseri (Piperaceae)}, journal = {Int. J. Plant Sci.Int. J. Plant Sci.}, volume = {166}, number = {6}, year = {2005}, note = {p. 938: Lilaea}, pages = {925-943}, abstract = {Floral and inflorescence structure and ontogeny are described in detail in Peperomia fraseri, an anomalous species of Piperaceae that differs in several respects from other species of Peperomia and other perianthless Piperales (Piperaceae and Saururaceae). Inflorescence structure is atypical in this species, with numerous spikes arranged spirally on a long raceme. There is a gender distribution of flowers along each spike, with the proximal (lower) part bearing bisexual flowers and the distal (upper) region bearing female flowers. Furthermore, there is a high degree of polymorphism in the structure (including presence or absence) of flower-subtending bracts in the same inflorescence. Bract suppression at the basalmost abaxial position in P. fraseri could be explained by a strong inhibitory activity of the spike-subtending bract or its primordium. Bract suppression among scattered flowers in the lower (bisexual) region is interpreted as an example of somatic instability. By contrast, more distal bract and stamen suppression seems to be part of a general tendency to flower reduction toward the spike apex in P. fraseri, where spatial constraints in the inflorescence control the size and shape of the bract and floral primordia, resulting in stamen suppression in smaller primordia. However, it is difficult to understand why an abracteate flower is formed in P. fraseri rather than a sterile bract, as in Peperomia hispidula. Furthermore, in contrast with most other Piperaceae, P. fraseri has no apical residuum on mature spikes; at least some partial inflorescences bear a terminal flowerlike structure, although this more closely resembles those of some Saururaceae than the "true" terminal flower of perianth-bearing Piperales, such as Aristolochiaceae. Peperomia fraseri and other atypical members of Piperaceae represent potentially useful models for examination of patterns of bract and stamen loss in perianthless Piperales, in which spatial constraints in the developing spike are important for floral construction.}, keywords = {basal angiosperms, bract, floral evolution, ontogeny, Piperales, stamen suppression, terminal flower}, author = {Remizowa, Margarita and Rudall, Paula J. and Sokoloff, Dmitry} } @article {311, title = {Contribution to the knowledge of the wetland flora and vegetation of Amvrakikos Gulf, W Greece}, journal = {WilldenowiaWilldenowia}, volume = {35}, year = {2005}, note = {p. 79: JuncaginaceaeTriglochin bulbosa subsp. laxiflora (Guss.) Rouy - F (2053), H (2112).Wet subsaline grasslands.F: Salt steppes near the villages Petra and Strongili, 39{\textdegree}08{\textquoteright}49{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}N \& 20{\textdegree}48{\textquoteright}49{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}E, 17.7.2000, SM 2050-2054H. Salt steppe on the left side of the road joining the villages Vigla and Salaora, 39{\textdegree}04{\textquoteright}24{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}N, 20{\textdegree}52{\textquoteright}53{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}E, 27.10.2000, SM 2108-2112}, pages = {69-85}, keywords = {Greece, Ambrakischer Golf, wetland flora}, author = {Sarika, Maria and Dimopoulos, Panayotis and Yannitsaros, Artemios} } @article {292, title = {The resurrection of oceanic dispersal in historic biogeography}, journal = {Trends in Ecology and EvolutionTrends in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, year = {2005}, pages = {68-73}, author = {Queiroz, Alan de} } @article {259, title = {Evolutionary divergence and possible incipient speciation in post-glacial populations of a cosmopolitan aquatic plant}, journal = {Journal of Evolutionary BiologyJournal of Evolutionary Biology}, volume = {18}, year = {2005}, pages = {19-26}, keywords = {dispersal, gene flow, genetic markers, incipient speciation, isolation-by-distance, pondweed, population structure, Potamogeton pectinatus}, author = {Nies, G. and Reusch, T.B.H.} } @article {277, title = {Ephemeral wetland vegetation of Western Australia}, journal = {Phytocoenologia}, volume = {35}, number = {2-3}, year = {2005}, pages = {201-218}, abstract = {

Vegetation with small short-lived species was first described from the SW corner of Western Australia (WA). This vegetation occurs on inselberg and temporarily flooded areas in spring, after the rainy season. Several vegetation units have been described and on this basis in 1994 the Centrolepidi-Hydrocotyletea alatae vegetation class was proposed. Botanical investigation in desert areas of WA have been carried out during winter 2001 and 2002 in several localities of the Great Victoria, Gibson, Little and Great Sandy Desert. In all of them the presence of similar ephemeral vegetation in wet habitats has been observed. These communities also consist of short-lived species: germination occurs only after rarae events of abundant, mostly erratic, rain and is followed in rapid life-cycles by flowering and dissemination; apparently the development of this vegetation is not concentrated in a particular season, because rainfall is unreliable and mostly linked to unpredictable La Ni\ña events. Several communities can be recognized. They are rare and may occur around claypans, ephemeral ponds, natural and artificial pools. All of them are characterized by species of Centrolepidaceae, together with Cyperus, Marsilea, Triglochin, Stylidium, Scrophulariaceae tribus Gratioleae and insectivorous plants. A synoptic table gives the floristic composition of all the communities of the class Centrolepidi-Hydrocotyletea alatae, which is compared with ephemeral wetland associations of Italy as to vegetative adaptations and phytogeographical components. Data of intensity of PAR radiation, air and soil humidity and leaf temperature show that these vegetation types are adapted to very extreme microclimatic conditions, having the roots in the humid and relatively cool substrate, whereas leaves and flowers develop under dry atmospheric conditions, with elevated temperatures (over 30\°C in winter) at noon and frost during night. Most of the species occurring in these communities are endemic.

}, keywords = {desert vegetation, Western Australia, Centrolepidaceae, ephemeral plants, temporarily wet habitats}, doi = {10.1127/0340-269X/2005/0035-0201 }, author = {Pignatti, Erika and Pignatti, Sandro} } @article {207, title = {Phylogeny and Systematics of Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae): The Australian Species}, journal = {Systematic BotanySystematic Botany}, volume = {30}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, pages = {503-519}, abstract = {Aponogeton is an important genus whose species are cultivated as ornamental aquatic plants. Although a fairly recent monograph has been published, the genus remains poorly studied systematically. We conducted a phylogenetic survey of Aponogeton that focuses on relationships among the nine native Australian species as well as their relationship to other members of the genus. Our analyses included a phylogenetic assessment of morphological characters and molecular data obtained both from chloroplast (trnK 5{\textquoteright} intron, matK) and nuclear DNA (nrITS) loci. Molecular data provided evidence of hybridization and polyploidy as well as an informative overview of interspecific relationships in the genus. Two potentially new Australian species alwo were identified by the molecular data. Combined molecular data produced a well-resolved cladogram that enabled us to evaluate previous phylogenetic hypotheses based on non-explicit methods as well as teh soundness of the existing classification of the genus. We conclude that Aponogetonaceae originated in Australia and subsequently radiated into Africa, Madagascar, and Asia, from which a secondary Australian diversification occurred resulting in a biphyletic origin of the native Australian species. A pattern of morphological distinctiveness coupled with low molecular divergence indicates relatively recent and rapid speciation of Aponogeton in Australia. Our results also demonstrate that in this group, morphological data are extremely unreliable taxonomically due to their extensive homoplasy. The phylogenetic relationships elucidated by this study provide evidence to support the establishment of two additional sections, Flavida and Viridis, which are described.}, author = {Les, Donald H. and Moody, Michael L. and Jacobs, Surrey W.L.} } @article {126, title = {Med-Checklist Notulae, 23}, volume = {35}, year = {2005}, note = {Juncaginaceae: Triglochin palustris+ Gr: Greece, N Pindos, Nomos of Ioannina, Eparchia of Konitsa: Mt Smolikas, northern slope, along path from Ag. Paraskevi to the summit (40{\textdegree}07{\textquoteright}N, 20{\textdegree}53{\textquoteright}E), fen, on flysch, 1500m, 3.8.2001, Schuler 1793 (B, herb. Schuler; confirm. Raus). - A Eurasian circumpolar species previously not reported from Greece, but known to occur in adjacent Albania (Tutin \& al., Fl. Eur. 5: 6. 1980). On Mt Smolikas, Triglochin palustris was found on open soil in a fen, i.e. in the same habitat the species prefers in Central Europe. It was accompanied, among others, by Juncus inflexus L. and Pinguicula crystallina subsp. hirtiflora (Ten.) Strid.A. Schuler}, pages = {55-64}, address = {Willdenowia}, abstract = {Continuing a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to the Med-Checklist project are presented, this instalment deals with the families Boraginaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Compositae, Dipsacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae, Ranunculaceae, Rhamnaceae, Solanaceae, Violaceae; Gramineae and Juncaginaceae. It includes new country and area records, taxonomic and distributional considerations. New names and combinations are validated in Anthemis, Anthyllis, Centaurea, Cephalaria, Cirsium, Eragrostis, Galatella, Megathyrsus, Psephellus, Rhaponticum, Tripolium and Viola.}, keywords = {Med-Checklist, Mediterranean region,}, author = {Greuther, Werner and Raus, Th.} } @article {131, title = {Patterns of functional clonal traits and clonal growth modes in contrasting grasslands in the central Apennines, Italy}, journal = {Journal of Vegetation ScienceJournal of Vegetation Science}, volume = {16}, year = {2005}, pages = {29-36}, abstract = {Aim: Patterns of plant functional traits related to clonality (clonal growth modes; CGM) in plant communities were studied and hypotheses on the importance of the selected traits in plant communities supported by soils differing in moisture and nutrient status were tested.Material and Methods: Selected plant functional traits, such as the position of the mother-daughter plants connections, length of spacers, frequency of multiplication, persistency of ramets connections, presence of storage organs and bud protection were studied in two contrasting plant communities (xeric and mesic abandoned pastures) typical of central Apennines, Italy.Results and Discussion: Clonality was shown to be of great importance in both mesic and xeric grasslands. The major differences between the two communities were due to the dominant CGMs: turf graminoids (having effective protection of growth meristems in dense tussocks) dominated xeric grasslands, while rhizomatous graminoids (typical of competitive resource-rich environments) dominated mesic grasslands. Below-ground CGOs (clonal growth organs), shorter spacers, higher multiplication potential, permanent ramet connection, large bud bank and increased importance of bud protection were found to be of importance in water stressed xeric grassland. Contrary to our expectations, the mesic (less stressed) grasslands have the higher number of clonal plants possessing storage organs.}, keywords = {Adaptation, clonality, ecological stress, plant functional trait, Torricchio Nature Reserve}, author = {Halassy, Melinda and Campetella, Giandiego and Canullo, Roberto and Mucina, Ladislav} } @article {35, title = {A checklist of the native vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): New information on the species present, their ecology, status and distribution}, journal = {Journal of the Torrey Botanical SocietyJournal of the Torrey Botanical Society}, volume = {132}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, note = {Juncaginaceae: Tetroncium magellanicum (p. 132) - locally commonevtl. Kontakt zu Erstautor - present address in the UK - Probe v. Herbarbeleg???}, pages = {115-148}, abstract = {

This paper provides the first comprehensive, updated account of the Falkland Islands native flora for nearly forty years. 171 species are recognised, thirteen of which are endemic. Seven native species are included in the checklist for the first time: Arachnitis quetrihuensis Dimitri, Carex banksii Boott, Carex barrosii Nelmes, Elatine sp., Plantago moorei Rahn, Ruppia filifolia (Phil.) Skottsb. and Viola magellanica Forst. f. The presence of Rumex magellanicus Campd., a record previously considered doubtful, is also confirmed. Three previously reported native species are believed to have been recorded in error for the Falkland Islands, and are removed. These are, Eleocharis albibracteata Nees \& Meyen ex Kunth, Plantago maritima L. and Schizaea fistulosa Labill. The checklist provides the first detailed account of the ecology, phenology, distribution and status of the vascular plant flora, and as such is a unique record of the Falkland Islands flora at the beginning of a period of unprecedented economic and social change.

}, keywords = {Falkland Island, vascular flora, endemic flora, threatened flora, ecology, status, distribution}, author = {Broughton, David A. and McAdam, James H.} }